Morphology in Linguistics

Morphology

Morphology is the branch of linguistics (and one of the major components of grammar) that studies word structures, especially in terms of morphemes. Adjective: morphological.

Jenis Morphology

1.  Free MorphemesFree morphemes are morphemes that can stand alone being said without having to be bound / attached to the other morpheme. Free morphemes has several basic types, namely verbs, nouns, adjectives, prepositions and more. Example: study (verb), man (noun), kind (adj), on (prep). Free morphemes are divided into two, namely lexical morphemes (open class) and functional morphemes (closed-class).

• Lexical morphemes are morphemes that can stand on its own and it can convey the content of the messages we convey, is divided into three, namely verbs, nouns and adjectives.

Example: read (verb), baby (noun), cool (adj).

•  Functional morphemes are morphemes that can stand on its own but it is not clear that the content will be delivered, divided into four, namely conjunctions, prepositions, Articles, and pronouns.

Example: but (conj), at (prep), the (ARTC), she (pronoun).

2. Bound morphemes (tied)
Bound morphemes are morphemes that can not stand alone but must be bound / attached to the other morpheme. Bound morphemes are divided into two, namely derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes.

•  Derivational morphemes are morphemes that if fastened / affixed to the other morpheme will form morpheme / word that is new or to form words with grammar (lexeme) is different from the previous word. 

In the derivational there are two kinds, which can be found in the beginning of a word (prefixes) or in the end of a word (suffixes), in Indonesian us used to know as affixes (affixes). 

Example: the word beautiful (adj) is derived from the beauty (noun) that receive additional morpheme "ful" which changed the noun into an adjective. 

• Morpheme inflectional morphemes are attached / morpheme attached to another just to identify gramatikanya, not to produce a new word or form words with grammar (lexeme) is different from the previous word. 

Example: word books (noun) is derived from the book (noun), here the book turns into books due to explain that the book polynomial (plural), so it does not change the lexeme of the word, because the word book into books remain on lexeme the same is noun lexeme